The HPA Axis
The HPA Axis + Stress
The gut-brain axis links the brain and gastrointestinal tract via the Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal Axis.
The HPA axis is activated by stress, causing cortisol to be released from the adrenal glands.
The Impacts of Chronic Stress
Chronic stress → prolonged HPA activation → inflammation + gut microbiome disruption
This cycle can lead to:
Increased anxiety and depression
IBS and inflammatory gut conditions
Lower resilience and emotional regulation
This is why it is important to implement mindfulness techniques and regulate our stress.